With the European Pharmacopoeia phasing out the Rabbit Pyrogen Test (RPT), the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) has emerged as a state-of-the-art, animal-free in vitro assay, utilizing human primary monocytes or monocyte cell lines to detect pyrogens with high physiological relevance.
MAT enables the detection of both endotoxins and non-endotoxin pyrogens (NEPs), providing broader pyrogen coverage and improved risk control, supporting alignment with the global 3R principles (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) and evolving regulatory expectations for modern biopharmaceutical quality control.
The Monocyte Activation Test (MAT) is an in vitro assay designed to detect pyrogenic substances in pharmaceutical, biological products and medical apparatus by measuring the immune response of human monocytes.
Monocytes, as key components of the human innate immune system, recognize pyrogens through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and respond by releasing proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). The concentration of IL-6 secreted into the culture supernatant reflects the degree of pyrogenic stimulation.
The PyroSup® MAT Kit utilizes cryopreserved human monocytic cells (MAT cells) and a human IL-6 ELISA assay to quantitatively determine the presence of pyrogens in test samples. This method enables detection of both endotoxin and non-endotoxin pyrogens (NEPs), providing a physiologically relevant alternative to traditional rabbit pyrogen test (PRT). Prior to routine testing, the assay should be validated for each sample to exclude potential interference and confirm assay sensitivity for both endotoxin and non-endotoxin pyrogens.
| Components | Shipping Condition | Unit Size | Detection Method |
| Culture medium | 2-8℃ | 96 Tests | Monocyte Activation |
| 96-well plate | 2-8℃ | ||
| Water for BET | 2-8℃ | ||
| Anti-hIL-6: Biotinylated Conjugate (200×) | 2-8℃, protect from light | ||
| Streptavidin-HRP (100×) | 2-8℃, protect from light | ||
| Diluent | 2-8℃ | ||
| Wash Buffer Concentrate (10×) | 2-8℃ | ||
| TMB Substrate | 2-8℃, protect from light | ||
| Stop Solution | 2-8℃ | ||
| Sealing Film | 2-8℃ | ||
| Anti-hIL-6 Microtiter Strips | 2-8℃, protect from light | ||
| Culture medium supplement | -20℃ | ||
| Reference Standard Endotoxin (RSE) | -20℃ | ||
| MAT cells | Liquid nitrogen |
| Linearity | 0.0125 - 1 EU/mL, R2 ≥ 0.980 |
| LOQ | 0.025 EU/mL |
| LOD | 0.0125 EU/mL |
| Precision | CV ≤ 15% |
| Specificity | Detect at least two kinds of non-endotoxin pyrogen, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and resiquimod |
| Robustness | Batch-to-batch Consistency |
| Instrument suitability not limited to Thermo Multiskan FC and MD Spectra Max M2 |
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